© 1992 Oxford University Press
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Multiple colors by fluorescence in situ hybridization using ratio-labelled DNA probes create a molecular karyotype
Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands 1Department of Cytochemistry and Cytometry, Leiden University Wassenaarseweg 72, 2333 AL Leiden, The Netherlands
* To whom correspondence should be addressed
Received July 23, 1992; Revised August 28, 1992; Accepted August 28, 1992
Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is now widely used for the localization of genomic DNA fragments, and the identification of chromosomes by painting. We now show that half of the chromosomal complement can be painted in twelve different colors by using human chromosome specific libraries carrying three distinct labels mixed in multiple ratios. The photographs are in real color rather than colorized. The painting technique described here can be used for the identification of small or complex chromosomal rearrangements and marker chromosomes in humans or in any other species for which well defined chromosome specific libraries exist in a laboratory equipped with a conventional fluorescence microscope. The versatility of this novel cytogenetic technology may well constitute an advancement comparable to the introduction of chromosome banding and high resolution analysis of chromosomes in prometaphase.
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