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Human Molecular Genetics, 2001, Vol. 10, No. 3 283-290
© 2001 Oxford University Press

Triple A syndrome is caused by mutations in AAAS, a new WD-repeat protein gene

Katrin Handschug1, Silke Sperling2, Sung-Joo Kim Yoon3, Steffen Hennig2, Adrian J.L. Clark4 and Angela Huebner1,+

1Children’s Hospital, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany, 2Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Genetics, D-14195 Berlin, Germany, 3Research Institute of Molecular Genetics, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Sciences, Seoul 137-701, Korea and 4Departments of Endocrinology, St Bartholomew’s and the Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London EC1A 7BE, UK

The triple A syndrome (MIM 231550) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by adrenal insufficiency, achalasia and alacrima. The frequent association with a variety of neurological features may result in a severely disabling disease. We previously mapped the syndrome to a 6 cM interval on chromosome 12q13 and have now refined the critical region to 0 cM between KRT8 and D12S1651. Overlapping bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) sequences of a high resolution BAC/P1-derived artificial chromosome (PAC) contig were screened for gene content and a novel gene encoding a 546 amino acid polypeptide was identified. In nine triple A syndrome patients eight different homozygous and compound heterozygous mutations were found in this gene, most of them leading to a truncated protein suggesting loss of function. RNA blotting experiments revealed marked expression in neuroendocrine and gastrointestinal structures, which are predominantly affected in triple A syndrome, supporting the hypothesis that mutations in this triple A syndrome gene (AAAS) are responsible for the disease. The predicted protein belongs to the family of WD repeat-containing proteins which exhibit a high degree of functional diversity including regulation of signal transduction, RNA processing and transcription.

+ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +49 351 458 2926; Fax: +49 351 458 4334; Email: angela.huebner@mailbox.tu-dresden.de


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