Human Molecular Genetics, 2003, Vol. 12, No. 2 87-98
© 2003 Oxford University Press
Disruption of scribble (Scrb1) causes severe neural tube defects in the circletail mouse
1Neural Development Unit, Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK, 2Institute of Human Genetics, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 3BZ, UK, 3Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology, Imperial College School of Medicine, London W12 0NN, UK and 4MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit, Harwell, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK
Received August 23, 2002; Accepted November 11, 2002
Circletail is one of only two mouse mutants that exhibit the most severe form of neural tube defect (NTD), termed craniorachischisis. In this disorder, almost the entire brain and spinal cord is affected, owing to a failure to initiate neural tube closure. Craniorachischisis is a significant cause of lethality in humans, yet the molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood. Here, we report the identification of the gene mutated in circletail (Crc), using a positional cloning approach. This gene, Scrb1, encodes a member of the LAP protein family related to Drosophila scribble, with 16 leucine rich repeats and four PDZ domains. The Crc mutant contains a single base insertion that creates a frame shift and leads to premature termination of the Scrb1 protein. We report the expression pattern of Scrb1 during embryonic and fetal development, and show that Scrb1 expression closely mirrors the phenotypic defects observed in Crc/Crc mutants. In addition, circletail genetically interacts with the loop-tail mutant, and we reveal overlapping expression of Scrb1 with Vangl2, the gene mutated in loop-tail. The identification of the Crc gene further defines the nature of the genetic pathway required for the initiation of neural tube closure and provides an important new candidate that may be implicated in the aetiology of human NTDs.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +44 1235834393, ext 361; Fax: +44 1235834776; Email: j.murdoch{at}har.mrc.ac.uk
Present address: MRC Mammalian Genetics Unit, Harwell, Oxon OX11 0RD, UK.
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