Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access originally published online on September 23, 2003
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Human Molecular Genetics, 2003, Vol. 12, No. 22 3025-3040
DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddg317
© 2003 Oxford University Press
Co-duplication of olfactory receptor and MHC class I genes in the mouse major histocompatibility complex
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1Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Center for Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9050, USA, 2Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton CB10 1SA, UK and 3Institut für Immungenetik, Charité, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, D-14050 Berlin, Germany
Received August 13, 2003; Revised September 3, 2003; Accepted September 10, 2003
We report the 897 kb sequence of a cluster of olfactory receptor (OR) genes located at the distal end of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I region on mouse chromosome 17 of strain 129/SvJ (H2bc). With additional information from the mouse genome draft sequence, we identified 59 OR loci (
20% pseudogenes) in contrast to only 25 OR loci (50% pseudogenes) in the corresponding centromeric OR cluster that is part of the ‘extended MHC class I region’ on human chromosome 6. Comparative analysis leads to three major observations: (i) most of the OR subfamilies have evolved independently in the two species, expanding more in the mouse, and resulting in co-orthologs—subfamilies of highly similar paralogs that keep orthologous relationships with their human counterparts; (ii) three of the mouse OR subfamilies have no orthologs in humans; and (iii) MHC class I loci are interspersed in the OR cluster in mouse but not in human, and were subjected to co-duplication with OR genes. Screening of our sequence against the available sequences of other strains/haplotypes revealed that most of the OR loci are polymorphic and that the number of OR loci may vary among strains/haplotypes. Our findings that MHC-linked OR loci share duplication with MHC class I loci, have duplicated extensively and are polymorphic revives questions about potential reciprocal influences acting on the dynamics and evolution of the H2 region and the H2-linked OR loci.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +1 2146485007; Fax: +1 2146485095; Email: kfl{at}chop.swmed.edu
The authors wish it to be known that, in their opinion, the first two authors should be regarded as joint First Authors.
Present address: 10 Avenue du Mont Frouzy, F-31810 Venerque, France.
Present address: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX1 3PS, UK.
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