Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access originally published online on October 7, 2004
Human Molecular Genetics 2004 13(23):3017-3027; doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh321
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Human Molecular Genetics, Vol. 13, No. 23 © Oxford University Press 2004; all rights reserved
Interconnections of CLN3, Hook1 and Rab proteins link Batten disease to defects in the endocytic pathway
National Public Health Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland
Received August 24, 2004; Accepted September 27, 2004
The endosomal/lysosomal transmembrane protein CLN3 is mutated in the Batten disease (juvenile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis, JNCL). However, the molecular mechanism of JNCL pathogenesis and the exact function of the CLN3 protein have remained unclear. Previous studies have shown that deletion of BTN1, the yeast orthologue of CLN3, leads to increased expression of BTN2. BTN2 encodes Btn2p, a proposed homologue to a novel microtubule-binding protein Hook1, which regulates endocytosis in Drosophila. We analysed here the putative interconnection between CLN3 and Hook1 in the mammalian cells and discovered that overexpression of human CLN3 induces aggregation of Hook1 protein, potentially by mediating its dissociation from the microtubules. Using in vitro binding assay we were able to demonstrate a weak interaction between Hook1 and the cytoplasmic segments of CLN3. We also found receptor-mediated endocytosis to be defective in CLN3-deficient JNCL fibroblasts, connecting CLN3, Hook1 and endocytosis in the mammalian system. Moreover, co-immunoprecipitation experiments showed that Hook1 physically interacts with endocytic Rab7, Rab9 and Rab11, hence delineating a manifold role for mammalian Hook1 in membrane trafficking events. These novel interactions between the microtubule-binding Hook1 and the large family of Rab GTPases also suggest a link between CLN3 function, microtubule cytoskeleton and endocytic membrane trafficking.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed at: National Public Health Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, PO Box 104 (Haarmaninkatu 8), FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland. Tel: +358 947448392; Fax: +358 947448480; Email: anu.jalanko{at}ktl.fi
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