This article appears in the following Human Molecular Genetics issue: Association Studies [View the issue table of contents]
Extending genome-wide association studies to copy-number variation
1 Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA 2 Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA 3 Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
* To whom correspondence should be addressed at: Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, 7 Cambridge Center, Room 6145, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA. Tel: +1 617 252 1902; Fax: +1 617 643 3293; Email: smccarro{at}broad.mit.edu
Received August 27, 2008; Accepted September 2, 2008
Appreciating the contribution of human genome copy-number variation (CNV) to clinical phenotypes is one of the compelling genetics challenges of the coming years. It is increasingly possible to pursue such investigations as an extension of genome-wide association studies (GWAS), enabled by innovations in the design and analysis of SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) arrays and by progress in determining the genomic locations and population-genetic properties of the CNVs that segregate in the human population. Extensions of GWAS to CNV have already resulted in discoveries of both de novo and inherited CNV that are associated with risk of common disease. This review will discuss new approaches, recent findings and the analytical challenges involved in expanding GWAS to appreciate the contribution of CNV to human phenotypes.
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