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© 1994 Oxford University Press

OTHER

A novel X gene with a widely transcribed Y-linked homologue escapes X-inactivation in mouse and human

Alexander I. Agulnik1, Michael J. Mitchell1,2, Marie-Geneviève Mattei2, Giuseppe Borsani3, Philip A. Avner4, Jody L. Lerner1 and Colin E. Bishop1,2,*

1Molecular Genetics Research Laboratory, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Genetics, University of Tennessee Memphis, TN 38103, USA 2Unitéde Génétique Médicale et Dévelopment, Faculté de Medecine 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, France 3Institute for Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine Houston, TX, USA 4Unité de Génétique Moléculaire Murine, Institut Pasteur 75015 Paris, France

*To whom correspondence should be addressed at: INSERM U406/U242, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille cedex 05, France

Received January 13, 1994; Revised April 13, 1994; Accepted April 13, 1994

new gene, designated Smcx, was cloned from the mouse X chromosome by its homology to the Y located gene Smcy. Using direct in situ hybridisation Smcx was mapped to the distal end of the mouse X chromosome (XF2–XF4) and its human homologue, SMCX, was mapped to proximal Xp (Xp11.1–Xp11.2). Further meiotic mapping in the mouse placed Smcx in the Plp–Pdha1 interval. As Smcx/SMCX have widely expressed homologues on the Y chromosome, they appeared good candidates for genes that escape X-inactivation. In the human we show this to be the case as SMCX is expressed in hamster-human hybrids containing either an active or inactive human X chromosome. Two alleles of Smcx were found to be expressed in T(16; X)16H female mice despite the intact X chromosome being inactive in all cells. This indicates that Smcx is also not subject to X-inactivation and provides the first example of a gene that is expressed from inactive and active X chromosomes in the mouse.


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