Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 3, 1457-1461, Copyright © 1994 by Oxford University Press
JM Puck
Gene defects causing three X-linked human immunodeficiencies,
agammaglobulinemia (XLA), hyper-IgM syndrome (HIGM), and X-linked severe
combined immunodeficiency (SCID), have been identified. These represent the
first human disease phenotypes associated with three gene families already
recognized to be important in lymphocyte development and signaling: XLA is
caused by mutations of a B-cell specific intracellular tyrosine kinase;
HIGM by mutations in the tumor necrosis factor-related CD40 ligand, through
which T cells deliver helper signals by direct contact with B-cell CD40;
and SCID by mutations in the gamma chain of the lymphocyte receptor for
interleukin-2. The great variety of patient mutations in all three genes
represent both a challenge for genetic diagnosis and a resource for
dissecting molecular domains and physiologic functions of the gene
products.
REVIEWS
Molecular basis for three X-linked immune disorders
Immunological Genetics Section, National Center for Human Genome Research, Bethesda, MD 20892.
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