Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 5, 1921-1924, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
RJ Scott, NJ Froggatt, RC Trembath, DG Evans, SV Hodgson and ER Maher
Desmoid tumours are generally very rare but occur about 100 times more
frequently in the colorectal cancer predisposition syndrome familial
adenomatous polyposis (MIM 175100), being represented in about 10% of
patients. In addition to desmoid disease occurring in familial adenomatous
polyposis (FAP) there exist familial infiltrative fibromatosis (MIM 135290)
kindreds where there is no evidence of FAP. Previously we have described a
kindred with familial infiltrative fibromatosis (FIF) in which desmoid
tumours were associated with nonpolyposis colorectal cancer. FAP is caused
by mutations in the APC gene and various genotype-phenotype relationships
have been defined including reports that colorectal polyposis is less
severe with mutations 5' to codon 157 and that the risk of desmoid tumours
is high in FAP patients with APC gene mutations between codons 1444 and
1598. There is relatively little information on the phenotype of APC gene
mutations 3' to codon 1598; however, one large family has been reported
with a mutation at codon 1987 which presents with a highly variable
phenotype which includes desmoid disease. We screened our original FIF
kindred and three further families with a similar phenotype for mutations
in the APC gene. A 4 bp frameshift deletion in codon 1962 was identified in
the original FIF kindred and two further apparently unrelated families.
Haplotype analysis suggests a common origin for the APC mutation in all
three families. Affected individuals had no evidence of congenital
hypertrophy of the retinal pigment epithelium. Colorectal polyposis was
variable, and most affected patients had either none or a few late onset
polyps. These findings demonstrate (i) that FAP and FIF are allelic, and
(ii) that APC gene mutations which truncate the APC protein distal to the
beta-catenin binding domain are associated with desmoid tumours, absent
CHRPE and variable but attenuated polyposis expression.
ARTICLES
Familial infiltrative fibromatosis (desmoid tumours) (MIM135290) caused by a recurrent 3' APC gene mutation
Department of Research, University Clinics, Basle, Switzerland.
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