Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 5, 571-579, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
MA Crackower, SW Scherer, JM Rommens, CC Hui, P Poorkaj, S Soder, JM Cobben, L Hudgins, JP Evans and LC Tsui
Split hand/split foot malformation (SHFM) is a heterogeneous limb
developmental disorder, characterized by missing digits and fusion of
remaining digits. An autosomal dominant form of this disorder (SHFM1) has
been mapped to 7q21.3-q22.1 on the basis of SHFM-associated chromosomal
rearrangements. Utilizing a YAC contig across this region, we have defined
a critical interval of 1.5 Mb by the analysis of six interstitial deletion
patients and mapped the translocation breakpoints of seven ectrodactyly
patients within the interval. To delineate the basic molecular defect
underlying SHFM, we have searched for candidate genes in a 500 kb region
containing five of the translocation breakpoints. Three genes were
identified, two genes of the Distal-less (dii) homeobox gene family, DLX5
and DLX6 and a novel gene, which we named DSS1. DSS1 is predicted to encode
a highly acidic polypeptide with no significant similarity to any known
proteins but 100% amino acid sequence identify with its murine homolog
(Dss1). Using RNA in situ hybridization analysis, we detected a
tissue-specific expression profile for Dss1 in limb bud, craniofacial
primordia and skin. A deficiency in expression of Dss1, DLX5 and/or DLX6
during development may explain the SHFM phenotypes.
ARTICLES
Characterization of the split hand/split foot malformation locus SHFM1 at 7q21.3-q22.1 and analysis of a candidate gene for its expression during limb development
Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Canada.
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