Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 5, 1101-1108, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
WY Chung, L Yuan, L Feng, T Hensle and B Tycko
The imprinted H19 gene is frequently inactivated in Wilms' tumors (WTs)
either by chromosome 11p15.5 loss of heterozygosity (LOH) or by
hypermethylation of the maternal allele and it is possible that there might
be coordinate disruption of imprinting of multiple 11p15.5 genes in these
tumors. To test this we have characterized total and allele- specific mRNA
expression levels and DNA methylation of the 11p15.5 KIP2 gene in normal
human tissues, WTs and embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS). Both KIP2 alleles
are expressed but there is a bias with the maternal allele contributing
70-90% of mRNA. Tumors with LOH show moderate to marked reductions in KIP2
mRNA relative to control tissues and residual mRNA expression is from the
imprinted paternal allele. Among WTs without LOH most cases with H19
inactivation also have reduced KIP2 expression and most cases with
persistent H19 expression have high levels of KIP2 mRNA. In contrast to the
extensive hypermethylation of the imprinted H19 allele, both KIP2 alleles
are hypomethylated and WTs with biallelic H19 hypermethylation lack
comparable hypermethylation of KIP2 DNA. 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (aza-C)
increases H19 expression in RD RMS cells but does not activate KIP2
expression. These data indicate coordinately reduced expression of two
linked paternally imprinted genes in most WTs and also suggest mechanistic
differences in the maintenance of imprinting at these two loci.
ARTICLES
Chromosome 11p15.5 regional imprinting: comparative analysis of KIP2 and H19 in human tissues and Wilms' tumors
Department of Pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
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