Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 5, 1339-1343, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
AJ Richards, JR Yates, R Williams, SJ Payne, FM Pope, JD Scott and MP Snead
Stickler syndrome (hereditary arthro-ophthalmopathy) is the commonest
inherited cause of retinal detachment and one of the commonest autosomal
dominant connective tissue dysplasias. There is clinical and locus
heterogeneity with about two thirds of families linked to the gene encoding
type II procollagen (COL2A1). Families with Sticklers syndrome type 1 have
a characteristic congenital vitreous anomaly and are linked without
recombination to markers at the COL2A1 locus. In contrast families with the
type 2 variety have a different vitreo- retinal phenotype and are not
linked to the COL2A1 gene. Type XI collagen is a quantitatively minor
fibrillar collagen related to type V collagen and associated with the more
abundant type II collagen fibrils. A mutation in COL11A2, the gene for
alpha 2 (XI) procollagen, has recently been found in a family described as
having Stickler syndrome, although there was no ocular involvement. Here we
show for the first time that a family with the full Type 2 Stickler
syndrome including vitreous and retinal abnormalities is linked to the
COL11A1 gene and characterise the mutation as a Glycine to Valine
substitution at position 97 of the triple helical domain caused by a single
base G-- >T mutation. These results are the first to provide
confirmation that type XI collagen is an important structural component of
human vitreous. They also support previous work suggesting that mutations
in the genes encoding collagen XI can give rise to some manifestations of
Stickler syndrome, but of these, only mutations in COL11A1 will give the
full syndrome including the vitreo-retinal features.
ARTICLES
A family with Stickler syndrome type 2 has a mutation in the COL11A1 gene resulting in the substitution of glycine 97 by valine in alpha 1 (XI) collagen
Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, UK.
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