Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 6, 2109-2116, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
EV Semina, RS Reiter and JC Murray
We recently reported the positional cloning of a homeobox gene involved in
the pathogenesis of Rieger syndrome, RIEG1 , and its mouse homolog, Rieg1 .
Rieg1 (also independently described as Pitx2) is highly homologous to the
Ptx1/Potx gene product, suggesting that there may be additional members of
this novel Pitx family. The Pitx genes play an important role in eye,
tooth, pituitary and umbilical region development as evidenced by Rieger
syndrome and iris hypoplasia phenotypes, resulting from mutations in the
RIEG1 gene and by expression studies. In order to characterize further the
Pitx gene family we searched mouse cDNA libraries to identify additional
members. A new gene was isolated which encodes a homeoprotein with strong
homology to the other Pitx proteins and 97-100% identity in the homeodomain
itself, suggesting that this is a third member of the family, Pitx3 . In
whole mount in situ hybridization on mouse embryos ranging from 8.5 to 11.5
days post-coitum (d.p.c.), Pitx3 mRNA was seen only in the developing lens
starting at day 11. Hybridization on cross- sections revealed strong
signals in the lens vesicle in 11 d.p.c. embryos and throughout the lens,
particularly in the anterior epithelium and equator region in 15 d.p.c.
embryos. Pitx3 was mapped close to aphakia on mouse chromosome 19. The
aphakia homozygous mouse is characterized by small eyes lacking a lens,
which fail to develop beyond 11 d.p.c. These data make Pitx3 a strong
candidate gene for the aphakia phenotype in the mouse and suggest a role
for the human homolog in congenital lens malformations.
ARTICLES
Isolation of a new homeobox gene belonging to the Pitx/Rieg family: expression during lens development and mapping to the aphakia region on mouse chromosome 19
Department of Pediatrics, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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