Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 7, 1021-1028, Copyright © 1998 by Oxford University Press
M Tassabehji, K Metcalfe, J Hurst, GS Ashcroft, C Kielty, C Wilmot, D Donnai, AP Read and CJP Jones
Elastin is the protein responsible for the characteristic elastic
properties of many tissues including the skin, lungs and large blood
vessels. Loss-of-function mutations in the elastin gene are known to cause
the heart defect supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS). We and others have
identified deletions, nonsense mutations and splice site mutations in SVAS
patients that abolish the function of one elastin gene. We have now
identified an elastin mutation in a patient with a completely different
phenotype, the rare autosomal dominant condition cutis laxa. A frameshift
mutation in exon 32 of the elastin gene is predicted to replace 37 amino
acids at the C-terminus of elastin by a novel sequence of 62 amino acids.
mRNA and immunoprecipitation studies show that the mutant allele is
expressed. Electron microscopy of skin sections shows abnormal branching
and fragmentation in the amorphous elastin component, and
immunocytochemistry shows reduced elastin deposition in the elastic fibres
and fewer microfibrils in the dermis. These findings suggest that the
mutant tropoelastin protein is synthesized, secreted and incorporated into
the elastic matrix, where it alters the architecture of elastic fibres.
Interference with cross- linking would reduce elastic recoil in affected
tissues and explain the cutis laxa phenotype.
ARTICLES
An elastin gene mutation producing abnormal tropoelastin and abnormal elastic fibres in a patient with autosomal dominant cutis laxa
University Department of Medical Genetics and Regional Genetics Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester M13 0JH, UK. m.tassabehji@man.ac.uk
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