Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 8, 575-583, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
JT Chang, N Esumi, K Moore, Y Li, S Zhang, C Chew, B Goodman, A Rattner, S Moody, G Stetten, PA Campochiaro and DJ Zack
The Wnt/frizzled cell signaling pathway has been implicated in the
determination of polarity in a number of systems, including the Drosophila
retina. The vertebrate retina develops from an undifferentiated
neuroepithelium into an organized and laminated structure that demonstrates
a high degree of polarity at both the tissue and cellular levels. In the
process of searching for molecules that are preferentially expressed by the
vertebrate retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), we identified secreted
frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), a member of the SFRP family that
appears to act by modulating Wnt signal transduction. SFRP5 is highly
expressed by RPE cells, and is also expressed in the pancreas. Within the
retina, the related molecule SFRP2 is expressed specifically by cells of
the inner nuclear layer. Thus, photoreceptors are likely to be bathed by
two opposing gradients of SFRP molecules. Consistent with SFRP5 's
postulated role in modulating Wnt signaling in the retina, it inhibits the
ability of Xwnt- 8 mRNA to induce axis duplication in Xenopus embryos. The
human SFRP5 gene consists of three coding exons and it maps to chromosome
10q24.1; human SFRP2 maps to 4q31.3. Based on the biology and complementary
expression patterns of SFRP2 and SFRP5, we suggest that they may be
involved in determining the polarity of photoreceptor, and perhaps other,
cells in the retina.
ARTICLES
Cloning and characterization of a secreted frizzled-related protein that is expressed by the retinal pigment epithelium
The Wilmer Institute, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-9289, USA.
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