Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 8, 863-869, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
F Tamanini, C Bontekoe, CE Bakker, L van Unen, B Anar, R Willemsen, M Yoshida, H Galjaard, BA Oostra and AT Hoogeveen
Fragile X syndrome is caused by the absence of the fragile X mental
retardation protein (FMRP). FMRP and its structural homologues FXR1P and
FXR2P form a family of RNA-binding proteins (FXR proteins). The three
proteins associate with polyribosomes as cytoplasmic mRNP particles. Here
we show that small amounts of FMRP, FXR1P and FXR2P shuttle between
cytoplasm and nucleus. Mutant FMRP of a severely affected fragile X patient
(FMRPI304N) does not associate with polyribosomes and shuttles more
frequently than normal FMRP, indicating that the association with
polyribosomes regulates the shuttling process. Using leptomycin B we
demonstrate that transport of the FXR proteins out of the nucleus is
mediated by the export receptor exportin1. Finally, inactivation of the
nuclear export signal in two FXR proteins shows that FMRP shuttles between
cytoplasm and nucleoplasm, while FXR2P shuttles between cytoplasm and
nucleolus. Therefore, molecular dissection of the shuttling routes used by
the FXR proteins suggests that they transport different RNAs.
ARTICLES
Different targets for the fragile X-related proteins revealed by their distinct nuclear localizations
Department of Clinical Genetics and Center for Biomedical Genetics, Erasmus University, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
![]()
CiteULike
Connotea
Del.icio.us What's this?
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
J. C. Darnell, C. E. Fraser, O. Mostovetsky, and R. B. Darnell Discrimination of common and unique RNA-binding activities among Fragile X mental retardation protein paralogs Hum. Mol. Genet., September 1, 2009; 18(17): 3164 - 3177. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
J. Zhang, L. Hou, E. Klann, and D. L. Nelson Altered Hippocampal Synaptic Plasticity in the Fmr1 Gene Family Knockout Mouse Models J Neurophysiol, May 1, 2009; 101(5): 2572 - 2580. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Kim, M. Bellini, and S. Ceman Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein FMRP Binds mRNAs in the Nucleus Mol. Cell. Biol., January 1, 2009; 29(1): 214 - 228. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M. Ernoult-Lange, A. Wilczynska, M. Harper, C. Aigueperse, F. Dautry, M. Kress, and D. Weil Nucleocytoplasmic Traffic of CPEB1 and Accumulation in Crm1 Nucleolar Bodies Mol. Biol. Cell, January 1, 2009; 20(1): 176 - 187. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
D. Lai, D. Sakkas, and Y. Huang The fragile X mental retardation protein interacts with a distinct mRNA nuclear export factor NXF2 RNA, August 1, 2006; 12(8): 1446 - 1449. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
N. Dolzhanskaya, G. Merz, J. M. Aletta, and R. B. Denman Methylation regulates the intracellular protein-protein and protein-RNA interactions of FMRP. J. Cell Sci., May 1, 2006; 119(Pt 9): 1933 - 1946. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M Yoshioka, A Boivin, P Ye, F Labrie, and J St-Amand Effects of dihydrotestosterone on skeletal muscle transcriptome in mice measured by serial analysis of gene expression. J. Mol. Endocrinol., April 1, 2006; 36(2): 247 - 259. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
F. Zalfa, S. Adinolfi, I. Napoli, E. Kuhn-Holsken, H. Urlaub, T. Achsel, A. Pastore, and C. Bagni Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP) Binds Specifically to the Brain Cytoplasmic RNAs BC1/BC200 via a Novel RNA-binding Motif J. Biol. Chem., September 30, 2005; 280(39): 33403 - 33410. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Pietrobono, E. Tabolacci, F. Zalfa, I. Zito, A. Terracciano, U. Moscato, C. Bagni, B. Oostra, P. Chiurazzi, and G. Neri Molecular dissection of the events leading to inactivation of the FMR1 gene Hum. Mol. Genet., January 15, 2005; 14(2): 267 - 277. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Macchi, A. M. Brownawell, B. Grunewald, L. DesGroseillers, I. G. Macara, and M. A. Kiebler The Brain-specific Double-stranded RNA-binding Protein Staufen2: NUCLEOLAR ACCUMULATION AND ISOFORM-SPECIFIC EXPORTIN-5-DEPENDENT EXPORT J. Biol. Chem., July 23, 2004; 279(30): 31440 - 31444. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
H. Wang, L. Ku, D. J. Osterhout, W. Li, A. Ahmadian, Z. Liang, and Y. Feng Developmentally-programmed FMRP expression in oligodendrocytes: a potential role of FMRP in regulating translation in oligodendroglia progenitors Hum. Mol. Genet., January 1, 2004; 13(1): 79 - 89. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
R. Mazroui, M.-E. Huot, S. Tremblay, N. Boilard, Y. Labelle, and E. W. Khandjian Fragile X Mental Retardation protein determinants required for its association with polyribosomal mRNPs Hum. Mol. Genet., December 1, 2003; 12(23): 3087 - 3096. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. A. Oostra and R. Willemsen A fragile balance: FMR1 expression levels Hum. Mol. Genet., October 15, 2003; 12(90002): R249 - 257. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Bardoni, M. Castets, M.-E. Huot, A. Schenck, S. Adinolfi, F. Corbin, A. Pastore, E. W. Khandjian, and J.-L. Mandel 82-FIP, a novel FMRP (Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein) interacting protein, shows a cell cycle-dependent intracellular localization Hum. Mol. Genet., July 15, 2003; 12(14): 1689 - 1698. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. RAMOS, D. HOLLINGWORTH, and A. PASTORE The role of a clinically important mutation in the fold and RNA-binding properties of KH motifs RNA, March 1, 2003; 9(3): 293 - 298. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
M.-E. Huot, R. Mazroui, P. Leclerc, and E. W. Khandjian Developmental expression of the fragile X-related 1 proteins in mouse testis: association with microtubule elements Hum. Mol. Genet., November 1, 2001; 10(24): 2803 - 2811. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Schenck, B. Bardoni, A. Moro, C. Bagni, and J.-L. Mandel A highly conserved protein family interacting with the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and displaying selective interactions with FMRP-related proteins FXR1P and FXR2P PNAS, June 28, 2001; (2001) 151231598. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
B. Laggerbauer, D. Ostareck, E.-M. Keidel, A. Ostareck-Lederer, and U. Fischer Evidence that fragile X mental retardation protein is a negative regulator of translation Hum. Mol. Genet., February 1, 2001; 10(4): 329 - 338. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
E. Lalli, K. Ohe, C. Hindelang, and P. Sassone-Corsi Orphan Receptor DAX-1 Is a Shuttling RNA Binding Protein Associated with Polyribosomes via mRNA Mol. Cell. Biol., July 1, 2000; 20(13): 4910 - 4921. [Abstract] [Full Text] |
||||
![]() |
F. Tamanini, L. L. Kirkpatrick, J. Schonkeren, L. v. Unen, C. Bontekoe, C. Bakker, D. L. Nelson, H. Galjaard, B. A. Oostra, and A. T. Hoogeveen The fragile X-related proteins FXR1P and FXR2P contain a functional nucleolar-targeting signal equivalent to the HIV-1 regulatory proteins Hum. Mol. Genet., June 12, 2000; 9(10): 1487 - 1493. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
P. Jin and S. T. Warren Understanding the molecular basis of fragile X syndrome Hum. Mol. Genet., April 1, 2000; 9(6): 901 - 908. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
A. Schenck, B. Bardoni, A. Moro, C. Bagni, and J.-L. Mandel A highly conserved protein family interacting with the fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) and displaying selective interactions with FMRP-related proteins FXR1P and FXR2P PNAS, July 17, 2001; 98(15): 8844 - 8849. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||








