Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 8, 1541-1546, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
X Guillonneau, NI Piriev, M Danciger, CA Kozak, AV Cideciyan, SG Jacobson and DB Farber
Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) represents a group of inherited human retinal
diseases which involve degeneration of photoreceptor cells resulting in
visual loss and often leading to blindness. In order to identify candidate
genes for the causes of these diseases, we have been studying a pool of
photoreceptor-specific cDNAs isolated by subtractive hybridization of mRNAs
from normal and photoreceptorless rd mouse retinas. One of these cDNAs was
of interest because it mapped to proximal mouse chromosome 1 in a region
homo-logous to human 8q11-q13, the locus of autosomal dominant RP1.
Therefore, using the mouse cDNA as probe, we cloned the human cDNA (hG28)
and its corresponding gene and mapped it near to D8S509, which lies in the
RP1 locus. This gene consists of four exons with an open reading frame of
6468 nt encoding a protein of 2156 amino acids with a predicted mass of 240
kDa. Given its chromosomal localization, we screened this gene for
mutations in a large family affected with autosomal dominant RP previously
linked to the RP1 locus. We found an R677X mutation that co-segregated with
disease in the family and is absent from unaffected members and 100
unrelated controls. This mutation is predicted to lead to rapid degradation
of hG28 mRNA or to the synthesis of a truncated protein lacking
approximately 70% of its original length. Our results suggest that R677X is
responsible for disease in this family and that the gene corresponding to
hG28 is the RP1 gene.
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