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Human Molecular Genetics, 2000, Vol. 9, No. 20 3001-3009
© 2000 Oxford University Press

Alternative splicing at the MEFV locus involved in familial Mediterranean fever regulates translocation of the marenostrin/pyrin protein to the nucleus

Stéphanie Papin, Philippe Duquesnoy, Cécile Cazeneuve, Jacques Pantel, Maïté Coppey-Moisan1, Catherine Dargemont2 and Serge Amselem+

Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U468, Hôpital Henri-Mondor, 51 avenue du Maréchal de-Lattre-de-Tassigny, 94010 Créteil, France, 1Laboratoire ‘Complexes macromoléculaires en cellules vivantes’ and 2Laboratoire ‘Transport nucléocytoplasmique’, Département de biologie supramoléculaire et cellulaire, Institut Jacques-Monod, CNRS UMR 7592, Université Paris VI, 75005 Paris, France

Mutations in MEFV, a gene encoding a protein (marenostrin/pyrin) of unknown function, are associated with familial Mediterranean fever, a genetic condition characterized by febrile episodes of serosal inflammation. Based on its primary structure, this 781 residue protein is thought to function as a nuclear effector molecule. However, recent transient expression studies indicated a perinuclear cytoplasmic localization. Here, we describe the isolation and expression of a novel human MEFV isoform, MEFV-d2, generated by in-frame alternative splicing of exon 2. This transcript, expressed in leukocytes, predicts a 570 residue protein designated marenostrin-d2. To investigate differences in subcellular localization between the full-length protein (marenostrin-fl) and marenostrin-d2, while providing against the overexpression of transiently expressed proteins, we have generated CHO cell lines stably expressing these two isoforms fused to the green fluorescent protein. The localization pattern of marenostrin-d2 differs dramatically from that of marenostrin-fl. Marenostrin-fl is homogeneously distributed over the entire cytoplasm, whereas marenostrin-d2 concentrates into the nucleus. To map the critical domain(s) specifying these differences, deletion mutants have been generated. Deletion of the putative nuclear localization signals (NLS) does not alter the nuclear localization of marenostrin-d2 whereas, despite the lack of discernible NLS in the domain encoded by the exon 1–exon 3 splice junction, deletion of this domain indeed disrupts this localization. These data, which challenge the current domain organization model of marenostrin, strongly suggest that MEFV encodes a nuclear protein and raises the possibility that MEFV alternative splicing may control functions of wild-type and mutant marenostrin proteins by regulating their translocation to the nucleus.

+ To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +33 1 49 81 28 73; Fax: +33 1 49 81 28 42; Email address: amselem@im3.inserm.fr


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