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Genome-wide association studies: past, present and future
1 Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism
University of Oxford, Churchill Hospital
Oxford OX3 7LJ
UK
Tel: +44 1865857298; Fax: +44 1865 857299
Email: mark.mccarthy@drl.ox.ac.uk
2 Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics
University of Oxford
Old Road, Headington
Oxford OX3 7BN
UK
3 Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre
Churchill Hospital
Oxford OX3 7LJ
UK
4 Program in Genomics and Divisions of Genetics and Endocrinology
Children's Hospital
Boston, MA 02115
USA
Tel: +1 6179192129; Fax: +1 6177300253
Email: joelh@broad.mit.edu
5 Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT
Cambridge, MA 02142
USA
6 Department of Genetics
Harvard Medical School
Boston, MA 02115
USA
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When the time came to decide on the topic for the next in the series of Human Molecular Genetics reviews, on this occasion, there was little need for debate. The advent of genome-wide association (GWA) technology has transformed the landscape of human genetic research. It has enabled those in the field to move beyond the limitations of small-scale candidate gene studies, and well over 200 loci influencing a wide range of complex phenotypes have now been identified. Although, for many conditions, these variants still explain only a small proportion of individual differences in disease predisposition, there is a growing confidence that identifying
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