Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 5, 1305-1310, Copyright © 1996 by Oxford University Press
J Guimera, C Casas, C Pucharcos, A Solans, A Domenech, AM Planas, J Ashley, M Lovett, X Estivill and MA Pritchard
The minibrain (mnb) gene of Drosophila melanogaster encodes a serine-
threonine protein kinase with an essential role in postembryonic
neurogenesis. A corresponding human gene with similar function to mnb could
provide important insights into both normal brain development and the
abnormal brain development and mental retardation observed in many
congenital disorders. Trisomy 21 or Down syndrome (DS) is the most frequent
human birth defect. It is associated with mental retardation and a broad
spectrum of physical abnormalities. A region on human chromosome 21 has
been designated the Down syndrome critical region (DSCR) and when present
in three copies, this is responsible for many of the characteristic
features of DS, including mental retardation. We have isolated a human
homologue of mnb from the DSCR. MNB encodes a 6.1 kb transcript which is
expressed in foetal brain, lung, kidney and liver. Using a human probe, two
major transcripts (6.1 and 3.1 kb) were identified in mouse and expression
was detected in situ in several regions of the mouse brain, including the
olfactory bulb, the cerebellum, the cerebral cortex, the pyramidal cell
layer of the hippocampus and several hypothalamic nuclei. This expression
pattern corresponds to the regions of the brain that are abnormal in
individuals with DS and suggests that overexpression of MNB could have
detrimental consequences in DS patients.
ARTICLES
A human homologue of Drosophila minibrain (MNB) is expressed in the neuronal regions affected in Down syndrome and maps to the critical region
Molecular Genetics Department, Cancer Research Institute, Hospital Duran i Reynals, Barcelona, Spain.
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