Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 6, 157-164, Copyright © 1997 by Oxford University Press
C Lo Nigro, CS Chong, AC Smith, WB Dobyns, R Carrozzo and DH Ledbetter
Classical lissencephaly (smooth brain) or generalized agyria-pachygyria is
a severe brain malformation which results from an arrest of neuronal
migration at 9-13 weeks gestation. It has been observed in several
malformation syndromes including Miller-Dieker syndrome (MDS) and isolated
lissencephaly sequence (ILS). A gene containing beta- transducin like
repeats, now known as LIS1, was previously mapped to the ILS/MDS chromosome
region on 17p13.3. We recently localized the classical lissencephaly
critical region to the LIS1 gene locus by molecular analysis of key ILS and
MDS patients. We have now characterized the structure of LIS1, which
consists of 11 exons, and have searched for the presence of subtle
mutations in 19 ILS patients who showed no gross rearrangements of LIS1.
Single strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis revealed
band-shifts for three patients, each involving a different coding exon,
which were not observed in their respective parental DNAs. Sequence
analysis identified these de novo mutations as dA --> dG transition in
exon VI at nucleotide 446, a dC --> dT transition in exon VIII at
nucleotide 817, and a 22 bp deletion at the exon IX-intron 9 junction from
nucleotide 988 to 1,002+7, which causes skipping of exon IX in the mature
LIS1 transcript. These changes are predicted to result in an H149R amino
acid substitution, an R273X premature translation termination, and
abolition of amino acids 301-334, in the respective LIS1 proteins. These
data thus confirm LIS1 as the gene responsible for classical lissencephaly
in ILS and MDS.
ARTICLES
Point mutations and an intragenic deletion in LIS1, the lissencephaly causative gene in isolated lissencephaly sequence and Miller-Dieker syndrome
Laboratorio di Genetica Molecolare, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
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