Human Molecular Genetics, Vol 8, 2121-2128, Copyright © 1999 by Oxford University Press
SJ Bowne, SP Daiger, MM Hims, MM Sohocki, KA Malone, AB McKie, JR Heckenlively, DG Birch, CF Inglehearn, SS Bhattacharya, A Bird and LS Sullivan
Retinitis pigmentosa is a genetically heterogeneous form of retinal
degeneration that affects approximately 1 in 3500 people worldwide.
Recently we identified the gene responsible for the RP1 form of autosomal
dominant retinitis pigmentosa (adRP) at 8q11-12 and found two different
nonsense mutations in three families previously mapped to 8q. The RP1 gene
is an unusually large protein, 2156 amino acids in length, but is comprised
of four exons only. To determine the frequency and range of mutations in
RP1 we screened probands from 56 large adRP families for mutations in the
entire gene. After preliminary results indicated that mutations seem to
cluster in a 442 nucleotide segment of exon 4, an additional 194 probands
with adRP and 409 probands with other degenerative retinal diseases were
tested for mutations in this region alone. We identified eight different
disease-causing mutations in 17 of the 250 adRP probands tested. All of
these mutations are either nonsense or frameshift mutations and lead to a
severely truncated protein. Two of the eight different mutations, Arg677X
and a 5 bp deletion of nucleotides 2280-2284, were reported previously,
while the remaining six mutations are novel. We also identified two rare
missense changes in two other families, one new polymorphic amino acid
substitution, one silent substitution and a rare variant in the 5'-
untranslated region that is not associated with disease. Based on this
study, mutations in RP1 appear to cause at least 7% (17/250) of adRP. The 5
bp deletion of nucleotides 2280-2284 and the Arg677X nonsense mutation
account for 59% (10/17) of these mutations. Further studies will determine
whether missense changes in the RP1 gene are associated with disease,
whether mutations in other regions of RP1 can cause forms of retinal
disease other than adRP and whether the background variation in either the
mutated or wild-type RP1 allele plays a role in the disease phenotype.
ARTICLES
Mutations in the RP1 gene causing autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa
Human Genetics Center, School of Public Health, and Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Texas-Houston Health Science Center, PO Box 20334, Houston, TX 77225-0334, USA,
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