Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on March 3, 2004
Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh104
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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1 McGill University-Montreal Children's Hospital Research Institute and Departments of Pediatrics, Human Genetics, and Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3H 1A1, Canada
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jacquetta.trasler{at}mcgill.ca.
Imprinted genes are differentially marked during germ cell development to allow for their eventual parent-of-origin specific expression. A subset of imprinted genes becomes methylated during oocyte growth in both mouse and human. However the timing and mechanisms of methylation acquisition are unknown. Here, we examined the methylation of the Snrpn, Igf2r, Peg1 and Peg3 differentially methylated regions in postnatal growing mouse oocytes. Our findings indicate that methylation was acquired asynchronously at these different genes. Further analysis of Snrpn DMR1 revealed that parental alleles retain an epigenetic memory of their origin as the two alleles were recognized in a parental-specific manner in the absence of DNA methylation. In addition, we show that methylation acquisition was likely related to oocyte diameter and coincided with the accumulation of Dnmt3a, Dnmt3b and Dnmt3L transcripts. Methylation of the repetitive retroviral-like intracisternal A particle also occurred during this same window of oocyte growth. These findings contribute to our understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying imprint acquisition during female germ cell development and have implications for the practice of assisted reproductive technologies.
Article
Gene-specific timing and epigenetic memory in oocyte imprinting
2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104, USA
3 McGill University-Montreal Children's Hospital Research Institute and Departments of Pediatrics, Human Genetics, and Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3H 1A1, Canada; McGill University-Montreal Children's Hospital Research Institute, 4060 Ste. Catherine Street West, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3Z 2Z3
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