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Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on July 14, 2004
Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh210
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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Article

Identification of loci determining susceptibility to the lethal effects of amyloid precursor protein transgene overexpression

Joseph Krezowski 1, Danielle Knudson 1, Christine Ebeling 1, Rose Pistick 1, Ranjit K. Giri 1, Dale Schenk 2, David Westaway 3, Linda Younkin 4, Steven G. Younkin 4, Karen Hsiao Ashe 5, George A. Carlson 1*

1 McLaughlin Research Institute, 1520 23rd Street South, Great Falls, MT 59404, USA
2 Elan Pharmaceuticals, South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA
3 Centre for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Toronto, ON M5S3H2, Canada
4 Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
5 Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: gac{at}po.mri.montana.edu.


  Abstract

Phenotypes produced by expression of human amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenes vary depending on the genetic background of the mouse. FVB/N mice overexpressing human APP695 develop a central nervous system disorder and die prematurely, precluding development of Aß peptide amyloid plaques. 129S6 mice are resistant to the lethal effects of APP overexpression, allowing sufficient levels of Aß expression for development of amyloid plaques and age-dependent memory deficits. To identify the genes that determine susceptibility or resistance to APP we analyzed crosses involving FVB/NCr and 129S6.Tg2576 mice that overexpress ‘Swedish’ mutant (K670N, M671L) APP695. APP transgene-positive FVB129S6F1 (F1) mice are resistant to the lethal effects of APP overexpression, so FVB x F1 backcross and F2 intercross offspring were produced. Analysis of age of death as a quantitative trait revealed significant linkage to loci on proximal Chromosome 14 and on Chromosome 9; 129S6-alleles protect against the lethal effects of APP. Within the Chromosome 14 interval are segments homologous to regions on human Chromosome 10 that have been linked to late onset Alzheimer's disease (AD) or to levels of Aß peptide in plasma. However, analysis of plasma Aß peptide concentrations at 6 weeks in backcross offspring produced no significant linkage. Similarly, elevation of human Aß peptide concentrations by expression of mutant presenilin (PS) transgenes did not increase the proportion of mice dying prematurely, suggesting that early death reflects effects of APP or fragments other than Aß.


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