Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on October 20, 2004
Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddh331
© 2004 by Oxford University Press
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1 Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-Ward, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan; Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Therapeutics, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Tokushima-City, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. Gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839), an inhibitor of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase (EGFR-TK), has shown potent anti-tumor effects and improved symptom and quality-of-life of a subset of patients with advanced NSCLC. However, a large portion of the patients showed no effect to this agent. To establish a method to predict the response of NSCLC patients to gefitinib, we used a genome-wide cDNA microarray to analyze 33 biopsy samples of advanced NSCLC from patients who had been treated with an identical protocol of second- to 7th-line gefitinib monotherapy. We identified 51 genes whose expression differed significantly between 7 responders and 10 non-responders to the drug. We selected the 12 genes that showed the most significant differences to establish a numerical scoring system (GRS, gefitinib response score), for predicting response to gefitinib treatment. The GRS system clearly separated the two groups without any overlap, and accurately predicted responses to the drug in sixteen additional NSCLC cases. The system was further validated by the semi-quantitative RT-PCR, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA for serological test. Moreover, we proved that the anti-apoptotic activity of amphiregulin (AREG), a protein that was significantly over-expressed in non-responders but undetectable in responders, leads to resistance of NSCLC cells to gefitinib in vitro. Our results suggested that sensitivity of a given NSCLC to gefitinib can be predicted according to expression levels of a defined set of genes that may biologically affect drug sensitivity and survival of lung-cancer cells. Our scoring system might eventually lead to achievement of personalized therapy for NSCLC patients.
Article
Prediction of sensitivity of advanced non-small cell lung cancers to gefitinib (Iressa, ZD1839)
2 Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-Ward, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
3 Laboratory for Medical Informatics, SNP Research Center, Riken (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Yokohama-City, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
4 Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Therapeutics, The University of Tokushima School of Medicine, Tokushima-City, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
5 Department of Medical Oncology, Kinki University School of Medicine, Osaka-Sayama-City, Osaka 589-8511, Japan
6 Laboratory of Cell Growth and Regulation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-Ward, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
7 Department of Molecular and Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima-City, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan
8 Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-Ward, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan
Yusuke Nakamura, E-mail: yusuke{at}ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp
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