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Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on August 9, 2005
Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddi296
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© The Author 2005. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
Received June 17, 2005
Revised July 20, 2005
Accepted August 1, 2005

Article

Sense and antisense transcripts of the Apolipoprotein E gene in normal and ApoE knockout mice, their expression after spinal cord injury, and corresponding human transcripts

Alexander Seitz 1, Dmitri Gourevitch 1, Xiang-Ming Zhang 1, Lise Clark 1, Pan Chen 1, Maja Kragol 1, Natasha Levenkova 1, John Rux 1, Stefan Samulewicz 1, and Ellen Heber-Katz 1*

1 The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Ellen Heber-Katz, E-mail: heberkatz{at}wistar.upenn.edu


  Abstract

The apolipoprotein E gene has been linked to such maladies as hypercholesterolemia, CNS injury and disease. In this study, we present evidence that, in addition to the known transcript (ApoE S1) that translates into apolipoprotein E, there are three additional transcripts in mice. Two of these transcripts, ApoE S2 and ApoE S3, which are predicted to be transmembrane proteins are transcribed from the sense strand. ApoE AS1 is transcribed from the antisense strand and is complementary to exon 4 of ApoE S1. The open reading frame of ApoE AS1 is conserved between human and mouse. The antisense transcript falls within the region of the human epsilon 4 allele that has been linked to the familial onset form of Alzheimer's. We also demonstrate the expression of ApoE S3 and ApoE AS1 in apo-E-knockout mice, ApoE S1 and ApoE S2 do not get transcribed. We had previously identified ApoE S1 as being upregulated in mice after spinal cord injury. In this study, we show that in spinal cord-injured C57BL/6 mice, both ApoE S1 and ApoE S3 transcripts are 10 fold upregulated and the antisense ApoE AS1 is 100 fold upregulated compared to normal levels. Such data suggests that these alternate transcripts are involved in the molecular pathogenesis of CNS disease and perhaps in apo-E expression in general as we show that ApoE S2 and AS1 are also transcribed in human.

Keywords: Apolipoprotein E; splice variants; antisense; knock out; spinal cord injury; Alzheimer.
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[Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF]


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