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Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on April 21, 2006

Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl107
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. The online version of this article has been published under an open access model. Users are entitled to use, reproduce, disseminate, or display the open access version of this article for non-commercial purposes provided that: the original authorship is properly and fully attributed; the Journal and Oxford University Press are attributed as the original place of publication with the correct citation details given; if an article is subsequently reproduced or disseminated not in its entirety but only in part or as a derivative work this must be clearly indicated. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oupjournals.org
Received March 7, 2006
Revised April 13, 2006
Accepted April 13, 2006

Article

An in-frame deletion in a novel centrosomal/ciliary protein CEP290/NPHP6 perturbs its interaction with RPGR and results in early-onset retinal degeneration in the rd16 mouse

Bo Chang 1, Hemant Khanna 2, Norman Hawes 1, David Jimeno 3, Shirley He 2, Concepcion Lillo 3, Sunil K. Parapuram 2, Hong Cheng 2, Alison Scott 2, Ron E. Hurd 1, John A. Sayer 4, Edgar A. Otto 4, Massimo Attanasio 4, John F. O'Toole 4, Genglin Jin 5, Chengchao Shou 5, Friedhelm Hildebrandt 6, David S. Williams 3, John R. Heckenlively 2, and Anand Swaroop Ph.D. 7 *

1 The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, Maine 04609, USA
2 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
3 Departments of Pharmacology and Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093- 0912, USA
4 Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
5 Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing. 100034, China
6 Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
7 Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, W.K. Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, 1000 Wall St., Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA; Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Anand Swaroop Ph.D., E-mail: swaroop{at}umich.edu


   Abstract

Centrosome- and cilia-associated proteins play crucial roles in establishing polarity and regulating intracellular transport in post-mitotic cells. Using genetic mapping and positional candidate strategy, we have identified an in-frame deletion in a novel centrosomal protein CEP290 (also called NPHP6) leading to early-onset retinal degeneration in a newly-identified mouse mutant, rd16. We demonstrate that CEP290 localizes primarily to centrosomes of dividing cells and to the connecting cilium of retinal photoreceptors. We show that in the retina CEP290 associates with several microtubule-based transport proteins including RPGR, which is mutated in approximately 15% of patients with retinitis pigmentosa. A truncated CEP290 protein ({Delta}CEP290) is detected in the rd16 retina but in considerably reduced amounts; however, the mutant protein exhibits stronger association with specific RPGR isoform(s). Immunogold labeling studies demonstrate the redistribution of RPGR and of phototransduction proteins in the photoreceptors of rd16 retina. Our findings suggest a critical function for CEP290 in ciliary transport and provide insights into the mechanism of early-onset photoreceptor degeneration.


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