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Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on June 16, 2006
Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddl156
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© The Author 2006. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved
Received February 17, 2006
Revised June 13, 2006
Accepted June 13, 2006

Article

Huntingtin-Associated Protein 1 (HAP1) Interacts with Androgen Receptor (AR) and Suppresses SBMA-Mutant-AR-Induced Apoptosis

Yukio Takeshita 1, Ryutaro Fujinaga 1, Changjiu Zhao 1, Akie Yanai 1, and Koh Shinoda 1 *

1 Department of Neuroscience, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Minami-Kogushi 1-1-1, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed.
Koh Shinoda, E-mail: shinoda{at}yamaguchi-u.ac.jp


  Abstract

Huntingtin-associated protein 1 (HAP1), an interactor of huntingtin, has been known as an essential component of the stigmoid body (STB) and recently reported to play a protective role against neurodegeneration in Huntington's disease (HD). In the present study, subcellular association between HAP1 and androgen receptor (AR) with a long polyglutamine tract (polyQ) derived from spinal-and-bulbar-muscular-atrophy (SBMA) was examined using HEp-2 cells cotransfected with HAP1 and/or normal ARQ25, SBMA-mutant ARQ65 or deletion-mutant AR cDNAs. The results provided the first clear evidence that HAP1 interacts with AR via its ligand-binding domain in a polyQ-length-dependent manner and forms prominent inclusions sequestering polyQ-AR, and that addition of dihydrotestosterone reduces the association strength of HAP1 with ARQ25 more dramatically than that with ARQ65. Furthermore, SBMA-mutant-ARQ65-induced apoptosis was suppressed by cotransfection with HAP1. Our findings strongly suggest that HAP1/STB is relevant to polyQ-length-dependent modification on subcellular AR functions and critically involved in pathogenesis of not only HD but also SBMA as an important intrinsic neuroprotectant determining the threshold for cellular vulnerability to apoptosis. Taking together with previous reports that HAP1/STB is selectively expressed in the brain regions spared from degenerative targets in HD and SBMA, the current study might explain the region-specific occurrence of neurodegeneration in both diseases, shedding light on common aspects of their molecular pathological mechanism and yet-to-be-uncovered diagnostic or therapeutic applications for HD and SBMA patients.


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