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Human Molecular Genetics Advance Access published online on February 1, 2008
Human Molecular Genetics, doi:10.1093/hmg/ddn028
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© The Author 2008. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Deficiency of the INCL protein Ppt1 (palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1) results in changes in ectopic F1-ATP synthase and altered cholesterol metabolism

Annina Lyly1, Sanna K. Marjavaara2, Aija Kyttälä1, Kristiina Uusi-Rauva1, Kaisu Luiro1, Outi Kopra3, Laurent O. Martinez4, Kimmo Tanhuanpää5, Nisse Kalkkinen6, Anu Suomalainen2, Matti Jauhiainen1 and Anu Jalanko1,*

1 National Public Health Institute and FIMM, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O.BOX 104, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland 2 Research Program of Molecular Neurology, Biomedicum Helsinki, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 3 Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics and the Neuroscience Center, Biomedicum Helsinki, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 4 INSERM, U563, Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, IFR30, Toulouse, France 5 Light Microscopy Unit, Institute of Biotechnology, P.O.BOX 56, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland 6 Protein Chemistry Research Group and Core Facility, Institute of Biotechnology, P.O.BOX 65, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland

* Correspondence to: Anu Jalanko, National Public Health Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Biomedicum Helsinki, P.O.BOX 104, FIN-00251 Helsinki, Finland; Phone: +358 9 4744 8392; Fax: +358 9 4744 8480; E-mail: Anu.Jalanko{at}ktl.fi

Received December 7, 2007; Revised January 24, 2008; Accepted January 24, 2008

Infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (INCL) is a severe neurodegenerative disease caused by deficiency of palmitoyl protein thioesterase 1 (PPT1). INCL results in dramatic loss of thalamocortical neurons, but the disease mechanism has remained elusive. In the present work we describe the first interaction partner of PPT1, the F1-complex of the mitochondrial ATP synthase, by co-purification and in vitro-binding assays. In addition to mitochondria, subunits of F1-complex have been reported to localize in the plasma membrane, and to be capable of acting as receptors for various ligands such as apolipoprotein A-1. We verified here the plasma membrane localization of F1-subunits on mouse primary neurons and fibroblasts by cell surface biotinylation and TIRF-microscopy. To gain further insight into the Ppt1-mediated properties of the F1-complex, we utilized the Ppt1-deficient Ppt1{Delta}ex4 mice. While no changes in the mitochondrial function could be detected in the brain of the Ppt1{Delta}ex4 mice, the levels of F1-subunits {alpha} and β on the plasma membrane were specifically increased in the Ppt1{Delta}ex4 neurons. Significant changes were also detected in the apolipoprotein A-I uptake by the Ppt1{Delta}ex4 neurons and the serum lipid composition in the Ppt1{Delta}ex4 mice. These data indicate neuron-specific changes for F1-complex in the Ppt1-deficient cells and give clues for a possible link between lipid metabolism and neurodegeneration in INCL.


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